Not very long ago, a tax professional’s year had a recognizable rhythm, with predictable peaks and valleys. In January, tax advisors would finish the taxes of their corporate clients and then, in February, when individuals’ 1099s started to come in, they would work at a fevered pitch until April 15, when the vast majority of Form 1040s were completed and out the door. Usually, only a relative handful of individual returns required extensions, due to various unforeseen delays arising from extenuating circumstances.
That isn’t the case anymore. Today, every season is tax season. With tax law changes and increased complexity of tax laws, extensions have become the norm rather than the exception, and this keeps tax season humming all the way until October 15, at which time planning for the next year’s April 15 filing “deadline” kicks in.
The result is that not only has tax season become a year-round activity, but also it has led to a variety of important dynamics that tax professionals—and the financial advisors who work with them—need to take into consideration.
Increased Complexity And Last-Minute Legislation
But first, what is driving these changes? To a large extent, this new state of affairs stems from changes in the tax code and legislative behavior. These include:
· Increased complexity in the tax code. With a raft of new legislation, taxes are simply becoming more complex. New laws—such as the Affordable Care Act, the American Taxpayer Relief Act and new small business regulations—all combine to make an individual’s taxes far more complicated and individualized. Overall, taxes today are more complicated than at any time since Ronald Reagan’s Tax Reform Act of 1986, almost 30 years ago.
· Legislative disjuncture and delay. Increasingly, and usually due to political wrangling, legislation at both the federal and state level is being enacted at the eleventh hour, as late as December 31. In some cases, federal regulations passed at the last minute have a knock-on effect that carries over to a delay in state laws that respond, and attempt to conform to, the new federal laws.
Worse, as new laws are enacted at the federal level, there is often a disjuncture with state laws. This can result in tax rules being different at the state level than at the federal level. And, with tax laws passing at such a late date, states often do not have their tax forms ready and available until later in the year. These added complexities and delays further conspire to push out tax preparation.
· Delay at financial institutions. As a direct outcome of these legislative delays and complexities, financial institutions are obliged to delay or amend their 1099 reporting, often having to reprogram their computer systems to accommodate new rules. Instead of sending out 1099s in early February, they are being issued in late March, often in corrected versions. As accountants expect that their clients will receive amended 1099s, they often prefer to defer the Form 1040’s preparation and file for an extension rather than to have to go back and file an amended return.
· Client unpreparedness. Despite their best intentions, clients are increasingly coming to their accountants at tax time with incomplete documentation. Often, as a result of all these new and complex rules, they have undertaken a transaction or find themselves in a situation that had tax implications of which they were unaware. This often results in a postponement of the client-accountant tax meeting until a later date, to when the accountant’s otherwise packed schedule has some time available, and the necessary documents are finally gathered. As a result, an extension is often inevitable.
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